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Noun: essentialism  i'sen-shu,li-zum
  1. The philosophical theory that certain properties of an object or concept are necessary or essential to its identity and function
    "Plato's theory of Forms is often associated with essentialism"
     
  2. The belief that people or things have inherent characteristics that cannot be altered
    "Gender essentialism has been criticized by many feminist scholars"

Derived forms: essentialisms

Encyclopedia: Essentialism